Introduction to Psychology Marking scheme for Y 1

·       Write your registration number and combination in the space provided.

·       Answer all questions in section A and B (out of 25 marks).

·       Write your answer in the space provided (don’t write outside the space provided!)

Your registration number: ……………             Combination: …………………

Section A: Choose the correct answer by circling the corresponding letter. /18 marks

1.  Which of the following statements about the basic concepts of psychology is false?

A.     Modern psychologists define psychology as the study of merely human behavior.

B.     Philosophers who defined psychology as the study of the mind failed to demonstrate that the mind could be directly observed or objectively measured.

C.     According to psychologists, behavior is both mental and bodily.

D.     Psychologists can generalize their findings from animal behavior research to people.

2.   Which of the following approaches to psychology supports the idea that people’s unconscious processes shape their behavior?

A.     Psychoanalysis

B.     Humanistic approach

C.     Behaviorism

D.     Gestalt approach

3.  Once the association between a naturally occurring stimulus and a previously neutral stimulus has been made, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that can invoke a conditioned response.

A.     classical conditioning

B.     operant conditioning

C.     Behaviorism

D.     Stimulus-response

4.  Which of the following refers to the process by which an individual looks inward at his/her own mental processes to gain insight into how he/she works?

A.     Consciousness

B.     Introspection

C.     Unconsciousness

D.     Dream analysis

5.   Which of the following research methods in psychology can be applied in the study of the relationship between age and intellectual performance in primary school level children?

A.     Correlational method

B.     Experimental method

C.     Case study

D.     Naturalistic observation

6.  Which of the following statements about the brain hemispheres is true?

A.     The right hemisphere of the brain controls the right half of the body.

B.     The left hemisphere of the brain controls the left half of the body.

C.     The right hemisphere of the brain controls the left half of the body.

D.     The temporal lobe of the brain is only found in the right hemisphere.

7.  Which of the following is excluded from the parts of the limbic system?

A.     Hypothalamus

B.     Amygdala

C.     Spinal cord

D.     Hippocampus

8.    Fill in with the correct answer among the following: Cognitive processes are rooted in

                     of the brain.

A.     the parietal lobe

B.     the temporal lobe

C.     the frontal lobe

D.     the occipital lobe

9.    When the nerve impulse reaches the neuron's terminal button, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the       .

A.     myelin sheath

B.     axon

C.     synapse

D.     receiving neuron's terminal button

10.  High levels of dopamine in the brain cause                     .

A.     Schizophrenia

B.     Parkinson’s disease

C.     Alzheimer’s disease

D.     Migraines

11.  The weakest amount of a stimulus that can be detected is referred to as .

A.     difference threshold

B.     sensory threshold

C.     absolute threshold

D.     sensory adaptation

12.  If for example the dots or the letters are simply near each other and therefore the mind perceives them as a whole figure or as a word yet they are only continuation of dashes close to each other, this is known as                     .

A.     principle of similarity

B.     principle of continuity

C.     principle of proximity

D.     principle of closure

13.  Isaro was hearing her teacher’s voice when she was still far away from her classroom. Which of the following sensory laws is illustrated by this situation?

A.     Sensory adaptation

B.     Difference threshold

C.     Absolute threshold

D.     Continuity principle

14.  A distracted learner is likely to have difficulty to get knowledge and skills from a topic taught in the classroom. Which of the following factors of perception is explained by this example?

A.     Emotion

B.     Level of intelligence

C.     Culture

D.     Attention

15.  Which of the following types of learners is more likely to perceive learning material in a classroom situation?

A.     A learner with mental retardation

B.     A gifted learner

C.     A distracted learner

D.     A sad learner

16.    Which of the following theorists conceptualizes intelligence as analytical, creative, and practical?

A.     Thurstone in his group factor theory of intelligence

B.     Thorndike in his multifactor theory of intelligence

C.     Sternberg in his triarchic theory of intelligence

D.     Gardner in his multiple intelligence theory of intelligence

17.  A 18-year-old child with a mental age of 12 would be qualified as .

A.     having average intelligence

B.     gifted

C.     having mild mental retardation

D.     having high average intelligence

18.  Which of the following types of intelligence is very well developed in university students?

A.     Fluid intelligence

B.     Crystallized intelligence

Section B: Short-answer and essay questions /7 marks

19.  Fill in with the correct words:

a)   The hormone “epinephrine” is secreted by …the adrenal gland..., while the hormone “insulin” is secreted by …the pancreas..................................... /2 marks

b)    The process by which neurotransmitters that are in the synapse are reabsorbed into the transmitting terminal buttons but ready to again be released after the neuron fires is called

……reuptake…. /1 mark

20.  Explain any two (2) specific intelligences according to Howard Gardner. /4 marks

ü Linguistic intelligence: The ability to speak and write well;

 ü  Logical- mathematical intelligence: The ability to use logic and mathematical skills to solve problems;

ü  Spatial intelligence: The ability to think and reason about objects in three dimensions;

ü  Musical intelligence: The ability to perform and enjoy music;

 ü  Kinesthetic intelligence: The ability to move the body in sports, dance, or other physical activities;

ü  Interpersonal intelligence: The ability to understand and interact effectively with others;